Composing the special force from police personnel would avoid that. The decision was taken to form the unit from the Federal Border Guard force ( Bundesgrenzschutz), as opposed to the military similar to equivalent forces in other countries, on the ground that German federal law expressly forbids the use of the military forces against the civilian population. Many German politicians opposed its formation, fearing GSG 9 would rekindle memories of the Nazi Party's Schutzstaffel (SS). The police rescue failed, and the operation led to the deaths of one policeman, five of the eight kidnappers and all nine of the remaining hostages.Īs a consequence of the mismanagement of the Olympic tragedy, the West German government created the GSG 9 under the leadership of then Oberstleutnant Ulrich Wegener so that similar situations in the future could be responded to adequately and professionally. The army had snipers, but the German Constitution did not allow the use of German Armed Forces on German soil during peacetime. Police did not have a specialized tactical sniper team at that time. The incident culminated when German police – who were neither trained nor equipped for counter-terrorism operations, and had underestimated the number of terrorists involved – attempted to rescue the athletes. On 5 September 1972, the Palestinian terrorist movement Black September infiltrated the Summer Olympic Games in Munich, West Germany, to kidnap 11 Israeli athletes, killing two in the Olympic Village in the initial assault on the athletes' rooms. Alongside the KSK military special forces of the German Armed Forces ( Bundeswehr), the GSG 9 can also be authorized to rescue citizens abroad in hostage situations. The specialised unit operates not only within Germany on a federal level, but also safeguards German interests located worldwide, such as embassy property and personnel. The GSG 9 unit is made up of approximately 400 highly trained police officers and the identities of GSG 9 members are classified. ![]() The state police ( Landespolizei) maintain their own regional tactical units known as the Spezialeinsatzkommando (SEK). Since 1 August 2017, it has been subordinate to the Federal Police Directorate 11. In addition to its headquarters location in Sankt Augustin-Hangelar near Bonn, it has a second location in Berlin. GSG 9 der Bundespolizei, formerly Grenzschutzgruppe 9 ( German for 'Border Protection Group 9'), is an elite special forces unit of the German Federal Police ( Bundespolizei) to combat terrorism and violent and organized crime.
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